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The present work investigates the HPLC analysis and two biological activities (antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity) of the phenolic extract fruit of Pistacia lentiscus from the national park of Toubkal, Morocco. The Phenolic extract were obtained by maceration. HPLC analysis of phenolic extracts showed the presence 7 major phenolic compounds in the fruit extracts, by co-injection of standards. Present findings highlights that the fruit extract was characterized by a high percentage of hesperidin (20.69%) as the major compound. The antioxidant activity of the fruit phenolic extract evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical inhibition method showed a high antioxidant activity with an IC50 ranging from 0.147±0.001 mg/ml. The antibacterial activity of the phenolic extract was carried out on four bacterial strains, including two-gram positive and two-gram negative strains using the disc diffusion method at varying concentrations between 100 and 1.56 mg/ml.
The diameters of the inhibition were measured, and the results show a strong sensitivity of the phenolic extract from fruits against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis, with a diameter that varies between 0,7 and 12 mm. The results showed that the fruits phenolic extract affects significantly the growth inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus more than Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis.
Keywords: Pistacia lentiscus ; Phenolic extract ; HPLC ; Antibacterial activity ; Antioxidant activity.
