Mohammed-Yassine TAKZIMA
(Laboratory of Water Sciences, Microbial Biotechnologies, and Natural Resources Sustainability (AQUABIOTECH), Unit of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BIOMAGE)-CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°4, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, PO Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco)
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major neglected tropical disease endemic in the Maghreb region, particularly affecting Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia. Despite the regional burden, the environmental, demographic, and socioeconomic determinants that influence CL transmission remain underexplored. This systematic review aims to synthesize current knowledge on these determinants by analyzing peer-reviewed literature from 2010 to 2024. Data collection followed the PRISMA guidelines, with sources extracted from Scopus and Web of Science. The results reveal a convergence of key risk factors across all four countries, including temperature, humidity, rainfall, and urbanization, which significantly influence sandfly vector abundance and disease incidence. Children under 10 years of age consistently emerged as the most affected demographic group, highlighting age-based vulnerability. Socioeconomic factors such as poverty, rural residence, human migration, and poor hygiene infrastructure further exacerbate disease spread, particularly in underserved communities. The findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, cross-border surveillance systems and prevention strategies. Establishing a regional Maghrebian Leishmaniasis Collaborator Network (MLCN) is proposed to enhance collaboration, research, and public health responses across the region.
Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Maghreb, health diplomacy, regional collaboration, Risk factors, Determinants.
Mohammed-Yassine TAKZIMA
(Laboratory of Water Sciences, Microbial Biotechnologies, and Natural Resources Sustainability (AQUABIOTECH), Unit of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BIOMAGE)-CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°4, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, PO Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco)
Prof.
Mohamed ECHCHAKERY
(Laboratory of Water Sciences, Microbial Biotechnologies, and Natural Resources Sustainability (AQUABIOTECH), Unit of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BIOMAGE)-CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°4, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, PO Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco)
Prof.
Mohamed HAFIDI
(Laboratory of Water Sciences, Microbial Biotechnologies, and Natural Resources Sustainability (AQUABIOTECH), Unit of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BIOMAGE)-CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°4, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, PO Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco)
Prof.
Loubna EL FELS
(Laboratory of Water Sciences, Microbial Biotechnologies, and Natural Resources Sustainability (AQUABIOTECH), Unit of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BIOMAGE)-CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°4, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, PO Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, MOROCCO)
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